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mcq on Genetics and Evolution. We covered all the mcq on Genetics and Evolution in this post for free so that you can practice well for the exam.
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mcq on Genetics and Evolution for Students
The fossil discovery of Archaeopteryx is considered a transitional form between:
a) Reptiles and mammals
b) Reptiles and birds
c) Fishes and amphibians
d) Amphibians and reptiles
Option b – Reptiles and birds
The gender of a child is determined by:
a) The presence of an X chromosome in the zygote
b) The presence of a Y chromosome in the zygote
c) The cytoplasm of the reproductive cell
d) A random occurrence
Option b – The presence of a Y chromosome in the zygote
Some dinosaurs had feathers but were not capable of flying, whereas birds use feathers to fly. What does this suggest in terms of Evolution?
a) Birds are ancestors of reptiles
b) There is no evolutionary link between birds and reptiles
c) Feathers represent homologous traits in both groups
d) Birds descended from reptiles
Option d – Birds descended from reptiles
Mendel chose pea plants for studying inheritance. Which of the following characteristics made them suitable? (i) They could self-pollinate or cross-pollinate naturally (ii) They were easy to grow and had a short generation time (iii) True-breeding was not necessary (iv) They exhibited easily distinguishable traits in multiple parts
a) (i), (ii), and (iii)
b) (ii) and (iv)
c) (i) and (ii)
d) (ii), (iii), and (iv)
Option b – (ii) and (iv)
How does genetic drift differ from natural selection?
a) It occurs without needing genetic variation
b) It is not observed in nature unlike natural selection
c) It does not involve species competing for survival
d) There is no difference between the two
Option c – It does not involve species competing for survival
Which of the following was not part of Darwin’s theory of natural selection?
a) Struggle for existence
b) Punctuated equilibrium
c) Survival of the fittest
d) Producing more offspring than can survive
Option b – Punctuated equilibrium
Natural selection is often referred to as ‘survival of the fittest.’ Which description best fits an organism’s fitness?
a) Physical strength in comparison to others
b) Its ability to collect Food and resources for its young
c) How well it adapts to its surroundings
d) The number of viable offspring it produces
Option c – How well it adapts to its surroundings
The sex of a human child is decided by:
a) The sex chromosomes from the father
b) The sex chromosomes from the mother
c) Hormonal factors
d) Specific enzymes
Option a – The sex chromosomes from the father
Wild cabbage has led to the development of various vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower through:
a) Genetic drift
b) Natural selection
c) Isolation during reproduction
d) Selective breeding by humans
Option d – Selective breeding by humans
What term describes the formation of new species from existing ones?
a) Evolution
b) Natural selection
c) Artificial selection
d) Speciation
Option d – Speciation
Which of the following is an example of inherited genetic variation?
a) One person has a scar, while the other doesn’t
b) One individual is older than the other
c) One sibling eats meat, the other is vegetarian
d) Two siblings have different eye colours
Option d – Two siblings have different eye colours
Which of the following would be classified as continuous variation?
a) Hair colour
b) Eye colour
c) Body weight
d) Biological sex
Option c – Body weight
If two species have a large number of traits in common, it implies:
a) They share a recent common ancestor and are closely related
b) They are distantly related but share a recent ancestor
c) They are closely related but share a distant ancestor
d) They are distantly related and diverged long ago
Option a – They share a recent common ancestor and are closely related
In humans, if gene B causes brown eyes and gene b causes blue eyes, what will be the eye colour of individuals with (i) Bb and (ii) BB combinations?
a) (i) Blue and (ii) Brown
b) (i) Brown and (ii) Blue
c) (i) Brown and (ii) Brown
d) (i) Blue and (ii) Blue
Option c – (i) Brown and (ii) Brown
A genetic cross results in four types of offspring in a 9:3:3:1 ratio. This is an example of:
a) Monohybrid cross
b) Dihybrid cross
c) test cross
d) First filial generation
Option b – Dihybrid cross
Which trait can be acquired during life but not passed on genetically?
a) Skin colour
b) Body size
c) Eye colour
d) Hair texture
Option b – Body size
Organs with similar internal structures but different functions are known as:
a) Vestigial organs
b) Analogous organs
c) Homologous organs
d) None of the above
Option c – Homologous organs
Organs with different structures but similar appearance and function are referred to as:
a) Analogous organs
b) Homologous organs
c) Vestigial organs
d) None of the above
Option a – Analogous organs
What are the preserved remains or impressions of ancient plants and animals called?
a) Extinct species
b) Fossils
c) Naturally selected Organisms
d) None of the above
Option b – Fossils
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