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Principle of Inheritance and Variation mcq. We covered all the Principle of Inheritance and Variation mcq in this post for free so that you can practice well for the exam.
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What will be the result of crossing two pea plants with homozygous yellow and green seed colors?
(a) Offspring will all have green seeds
(b) Offspring will all have yellow seeds
(c) All hybrids will be homozygous
(d) Hybrids will be homozygous for yellow seed color
Option b – Offspring will all have yellow seeds
In a cross involving white-eyed, yellow-bodied Drosophila with its wild-type, the recombination frequency observed was
(a) 37.2%
(b) 98.7%
(c) 1.3%
(d) 62.8%
Option c – 1.3%
Choose the mismatched genetic disorder:
(a) Down syndrome – 45 + XX or 45 + XY
(b) Klinefelter syndrome – 44 + XYY
(c) Turner syndrome – 44 + XO
(d) Normal male – 44 + XY
Option b – Klinefelter syndrome – 44 + XYY
Which of the following denotes the genetic makeup of a female in ZW type system?
(a) XO
(b) XX
(c) ZW
(d) ZZ
Option c – ZW
What best describes co-dominant alleles?
(a) Alleles loosely arranged on the same chromosome
(b) Alleles that independently express themselves when together
(c) Alleles dominant over others
(d) Alleles closely situated on the chromosome
Option b – Alleles that independently express themselves when together
Crossing TT and tt pea plants results in Tt offspring. When these hybrids self-pollinate, how many genotypes appear in F₂?
(a) 3
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 1
Option a – 3
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Mutations alter the DNA sequence
(b) Cancer cells often show chromosomal abnormalities
(c) UV rays are chemical mutagens
(d) Point mutations result from single Base pair changes
Option c – UV rays are chemical mutagens
What phenotype ratio appears in the F₂ generation of a dihybrid cross between YYRR and yyrr plants?
(a) 9 Wrinkled Yellow, 3 Round Green, 3 Yellow Round, 1 Wrinkled Green
(b) 9 Round Yellow, 3 Wrinkled Yellow, 3 Round Green, 1 Wrinkled Green
(c) 9 Wrinkled Green, 3 Yellow Round, 3 Wrinkled Yellow, 1 Round Green
(d) 9 Round Green, 3 Wrinkled Green, 3 Round Yellow, 1 Wrinkled Yellow
Option b – 9 Round Yellow, 3 Wrinkled Yellow, 3 Round Green, 1 Wrinkled Green
When a YyRr hybrid is self-pollinated, what is the probability of offspring showing one dominant and one recessive trait?
(a) 1/16
(b) 6/16
(c) 8/16
(d) 9/16
Option b – 6/16
Identify the incorrect conclusion from Morgan’s experiments on gene linkage.
(a) Linkage was defined as the physical connection of genes on a chromosome
(b) Genes on the same chromosome are loosely linked and highly recombinant
(c) Morgan used Drosophila and sex-linked traits in his experiments
(d) F₂ ratios deviated from 9:3:3:1 when yellow-bodied, white-eyed females were crossed with brown-bodied, red-eyed males
Option b – Genes on the same chromosome are loosely linked and highly recombinant
Assertion: Mendel’s research remained unnoticed for years.
Reason: The idea of genes as fixed, independent units controlling traits was not widely accepted.
(a) Both statements are correct, and the reason explains the assertion
(b) Both are correct, but the reason doesn’t explain the assertion
(c) Assertion is correct; reason is incorrect
(d) Both statements are incorrect
Option a – Both statements are correct, and the reason explains the assertion
Which genotype results in large starch grains in pea plants?
(a) BB
(b) Bb
(c) bb
(d) All of these
Option a – BB
Which statement about Punnett square is accurate?
(a) It was introduced by Reginald C. Punnett
(b) It helps visualize gamete formation and F₁, F₂ progeny
(c) It shows all probable genotypes in a genetic cross
(d) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
How many contrasting traits did Mendel examine in pea plants?
(a) 4
(b) 7
(c) 10
(d) 12
Option b – 7
Which cross yields 50% violet and 50% white flowers?
(a) Homozygous violet × heterozygous violet
(b) Homozygous white × homozygous white
(c) Heterozygous violet × homozygous white
(d) Homozygous violet × heterozygous white
Option c – Heterozygous violet × homozygous white
What is the phenotypic ratio in the F₂ generation from a cross between pure tall and pure dwarf pea plants?
(a) 1 Tall : 2 Dwarf
(b) 3 Tall : 1 Dwarf
(c) 1 Tall : 2 Hybrid Tall : 1 Dwarf
(d) 3 Dwarf : 1 Tall
Option b – 3 Tall : 1 Dwarf
Which of the following is a test cross?
(a) Ww × WW
(b) WW × WW
(c) Ww × ww
(d) WW × Ww
Option c – Ww × ww
Human skin color is inherited through
(a) Pleiotropy
(b) Codominance
(c) Polygenic inheritance
(d) Multiple alleles
Option c – Polygenic inheritance
If the mother has heterozygous B blood group and father is heterozygous A, what blood types could their child have?
(a) A, AB, or O but not B
(b) AB only
(c) A, B, or O but not AB
(d) A, B, AB, or O
Option d – A, B, AB, or O
In heterozygous round-seeded pea plants self-pollinated, 1800 seeds were produced. How many will have parental trait?
(a) 1000
(b) 1150
(c) 1350
(d) 2250
Option c – 1350
In XO type sex determination,
(a) Female gametes carry one extra X chromosome along with autosomes
(b) Some male gametes carry X chromosomes while others do not
(c) Fertilization with X-containing sperm produces females, sperm lacking X leads to males
(d) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
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