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Who was chosen by Gautama Buddha to guide the Buddhist Sangha after his demise?
A) Ananda
B) Mahakassapa
C) Upali
D) None of the above
Option d – None of the above
Which text revolves around the teachings of the Eightfold Path?
A) Dipavamsa
B) Divyavadana
C) Mahaparinibban
D) Dharma Chakra Pravartana Sutra
Option d – Dharma Chakra Pravartana Sutra
At which location did Buddha grant permission for women to join the Sangha as Bhikshunis?
A) Shravasti
B) Vaishali
C) Rajgriha
D) Kushinagar
Option b – Vaishali
What does the term Tripitaka signify?
A) Three monkeys of Gandhiji
B) Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh
C) Triratnas of Mahavira
D) Compilation of Buddha’s teachings
Option d – Compilation of Buddha’s teachings
Tripitaka scriptures are associated with which religious tradition?
A) Vedic religion
B) Buddhism
C) Jainism
D) Shaivism
Option b – Buddhism
Tripitaka is connected to which community?
A) Jains
B) Buddhists
C) Sikhs
D) Hindus
Option b – Buddhists
Which Buddhist text outlines rules governing monastic conduct?
A) Digha-Nikaya
B) Vinaya Pitaka
C) Abhidhamma Pitaka
D) Vibhasha Shastra
Option b – Vinaya Pitaka
Which collection includes the ethical teachings and doctrinal discussions of Buddha?
A) Vinaya Pitaka
B) Jataka Stories
C) Abhidhamma Pitaka
D) Sutta Pitaka
Option d – Sutta Pitaka
Yamaka is a part of which division of the Buddhist canon?
A) Sutta
B) Vinaya
C) Abhidhamma
D) None of the above
Option c – Abhidhamma
In ancient Buddhist viharas, what was the purpose of the Pavarana ritual?
A) Appointment of the Sangh leader and two speakers
B) Confession of lapses made during the monsoon retreat
C) Formal induction of new members into the Sangha
D) Gathering of monks at the start of their rainy-season stay
Option b – Confession of lapses made during the monsoon retreat
Ashokaram monastery was established at which site?
A) Vaishali
B) Pataliputra
C) Kaushambi
D) Shravasti
Option b – Pataliputra
The tallest Vishwa Shanti Stupa in Bihar is located where?
A) Vaishali
B) Nalanda
C) Rajgir
D) Patna
Option c – Rajgir
The 80-foot Buddha statue at Bodh Gaya was built with assistance from which country?
A) Japan
B) Thailand
C) Sri Lanka
D) Bhutan
Option d – Bhutan
The term Stupa appears for the first time in which text?
A) Rigveda
B) Jatak Katha
C) Artha Shastra
D) Ashtadhyayi
Option c – Artha Shastra
Which stupa site is not linked to any major event of Buddha’s life?
A) Sarnath
B) Sanchi
C) Bodh Gaya
D) Kusinara
Option b – Sanchi
The Amravati Stupa was constructed under which ruling dynasty?
A) Maurya
B) Satavahanas
C) Gupta
D) Harshavardhana
Option b – Satavahanas
The concept that “everything is impermanent and ever-changing” belongs to which system of thought?
A) Buddhism
B) Jainism
C) Gita
D) Vedanta
Option a – Buddhism
Who is widely acclaimed as the Light of Asia?
A) Gautama Buddha
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Mahavir Swami
D) Swami Vivekananda
Option a – Gautama Buddha
Who among the following is referred to as the Light of Asia?
A) Jesus Christ
B) Lord Buddha
C) Paigamber Mohammad
D) Zarathustra
Option b – Lord Buddha
Sir Edwin Arnold’s book The Light of Asia is based on which Buddhist text?
A) Divyavadana
B) Lalitvistar
C) Sutta Pitaka
D) Abhidhamma Pitaka
Option b – Lalitvistar
What distinguishes Mahayana from Hinayana Buddhism?
A) Belief in non-violence
B) Rejection of caste distinctions
C) Worship of deities
D) Veneration of stupas
Option c – Worship of deities
During whose reign was Buddha elevated to divine status?
A) Ashoka
B) Kanishka
C) Chandragupta Vikramaditya
D) Harsha
Option b – Kanishka
The earliest human figures to be worshipped in India belonged to whom?
A) Brahma
B) Vishnu
C) Buddha
D) Shiva
Option c – Buddha
Which group played a major role in introducing idol worship in India?
A) Jainism
B) Buddhism
C) Ajivikas
D) Vedic religion
Option b – Buddhism
Which mudra is seen in the Gandhara sculpture representing Buddha’s first sermon at Sarnath?
A) Abhaya
B) Dhyana
C) Dharma Chakra
D) Bhumisparsha
Option c – Dharma Chakra
The standing image of Gautama Buddha originated during which era?
A) Gupta period
B) Kushana period
C) Maurya period
D) Post-Gupta period
Option b – Kushana period
Which of the following statements about Buddha is accurate? 1. He was born in Kapilvastu. 2. He attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya. 3. He rejected Vedic traditions. 4. He taught the Four Noble Truths.
A) Only 1 and 2
B) Only 1 and 3
C) Only 1, 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Option d – 1, 2, 3 and 4
Which of the following statements correctly describe Gautama Buddha? 1. He accepted the doctrine of karma. 2. He believed in repeated birth. 3. He aimed to attain Nirvana. 4. He emphasised devotion to a supreme deity.
A) Only 1, 2 and 3
B) Only 1 and 2
C) Only 1
D) All are true
Option a – Only 1, 2 and 3
Assertion: Kushinagar functioned as the capital of the Malla republic. Reason: Buddha attained Mahaparinirvana at Kushinagar.
A) Both statements are true and the reason explains the assertion
B) Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
C) The assertion is true, but the reason is false
D) The assertion is false, but the reason is true
Option b – Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? 1. Lothal – A major dockyard site 2. Sarnath – Place of Buddha’s first sermon 3. Rajgir – Site linked to the Lion Capital of Ashoka 4. Nalanda – A famed Buddhist learning centre
A) 1, 2, 3 and 4
B) Only 3 and 4
C) Only 1, 2 and 4
D) Only 1 and 2
Option c – Only 1, 2 and 4
Regarding the Bodhisattva tradition, which statements are correct? 1. Bodhisattva is central to the Hinayana path. 2. A Bodhisattva is a compassionate being advancing toward enlightenment. 3. A Bodhisattva delays liberation to help others on the spiritual path.
A) Only 1
B) Only 2 and 3
C) Only 2
D) 1, 2 and 3
Option b – Only 2 and 3
Consider the following statements: 1. Sautrantika and Sammitiya sects belonged to Jainism. 2. Sarvastivadins believed that elements of existence continued in subtle form and were not momentary.
A) Only 1
B) Only 2
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Option b – Only 2
Assertion: By the late 12th century, Nalanda University had lost its earlier prominence. Reason: It was no longer supported by the ruling powers.
A) Both statements are true and the reason explains the assertion
B) Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
C) Assertion is true, but the reason is false
D) Assertion is false, but the reason is true
Option b – Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
Which features were common to both Buddhism and Jainism? 1. Avoiding extremes of indulgence and harsh austerity 2. Non-acceptance of Vedic authority 3. Rejection of ritualism 4. Emphasis on non-violence
A) 1, 2, 3 and 4
B) Only 2, 3 and 4
C) Only 1, 3 and 4
D) Only 1 and 2
Option b – Only 2, 3 and 4
Which teachings were shared by both Buddhism and Jainism? 1. Avoiding extreme luxury and severe penance 2. Not recognising the Vedas as authoritative 3. Disapproval of ritual practices
A) Only 1
B) Only 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 3
D) 1, 2 and 3
Option b – Only 2 and 3
Arrange the Four Noble Truths in the correct sequence: 1. There is suffering. 2. There is a cause for suffering. 3. Suffering can be ended. There is a path that leads to the end of suffering.
A) 1, 4, 2, 3
B) 1, 4, 3, 2
C) 1, 3, 2, 4
D) 1, 2, 4, 3
Option a – 1, 4, 2, 3
According to Buddhist doctrine: Assertion: Buddhism denied the idea of rebirth. Reason: The soul is mortal.
A) Both statements are true and the reason explains the assertion
B) Both statements are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
C) Assertion is true, but the reason is false
D) Assertion is false, but the reason is true
Option d – Assertion is false, but the reason is true
Which of the following describe early Buddhism accurately? 1. It did not oppose caste hierarchy. 2. It challenged the ritual authority of Brahmins. 3. It branded certain castes as inferior.
A) Only 1 and 2
B) Only 2 and 3
C) 1, 2 and 3
D) None of these
Option c – 1, 2 and 3
Which factors helped Buddhism spread widely? 1. Its simple teachings 2. Its appeal among socially disadvantaged groups 3. Its organised missionary activities 4. Use of regional languages 5. Support for Vedic traditions
A) Only 1, 2 and 3
B) Only 2, 3 and 4
C) Only 1, 2, 3 and 4
D) Only 2, 3, 4 and 5
Option c – Only 1, 2, 3 and 4
What contributed to the decline of Buddhism in early Medieval India? 1. Buddha was absorbed into Vaishnavism as an incarnation of Vishnu. 2. Central Asian groups who later adopted Hinduism persecuted Buddhists. 3. Gupta rulers strongly opposed Buddhism.
A) Only 1
B) Only 1 and 3
C) Only 2 and 3
D) 1, 2 and 3
Option a – Only 1
Regarding the early phase of Jainism, which option is correct? 1. Jainism received notable royal backing from King Kharavela of Kalinga during the first century BCE. 2. Those who continued to follow Bhadrabahu after the council at Pataliputra eventually came to be identified as the Svetambara group. 3. The spread of Jain teachings into southern India is linked with the leadership of Sthulabhadra. 4. In its formative period, Jainism engaged in image worship, unlike the Buddhist tradition.
A) Kharavela offered significant patronage to Jainism in the first century BCE
B) Supporters who remained with Bhadrabahu became known as Svetambaras
C) Jainism moved into southern India under Sthulabhadra’s guidance
D) Early Jain tradition included image worship
Option c – Jainism moved into southern India under Sthulabhadra’s guidance
The term ‘Samadhi Maran’ is connected with which system of thought?
A) Buddhist tradition
B) Jain tradition
C) Yogic tradition
D) Lokayat tradition
Option b – Jain tradition
Who is regarded as the founder of the Ajivika movement?
A) Anand
B) Rahulabhadra
C) Makkhali Gosala
D) Upali
Option c – Makkhali Gosala
Which group held the view that destiny governs everything and humans lack the power to alter it?
A) Jains
B) Buddhists
C) Ajivikas
D) Mimansakas
Option c – Ajivikas
Which community believed that fate is fixed and unchangeable?
A) Jainism
B) Ajivikas
C) Charvaka
D) Buddhism
Option b – Ajivikas
Who made use of the Barabar caves as their residence? ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Ajivikas
B) Tharus
C) Jains
D) Tantrikas
Option a – Ajivikas
Which statement about the Barabar hill caves is incorrect? 1. There are a total of four caves in the Barabar range. 2. Three of the caves contain inscriptions issued by Ashoka. 3. The inscriptions state that the caves were bestowed upon the Ajivikas. 4. These inscriptions are dated to the 6th century BCE.
A) The hill contains four caves
B) Ashokan inscriptions appear in three caves
C) The caves were gifted to the Ajivikas
D) The inscriptions belong to the 6th century BCE
Option d – The inscriptions belong to the 6th century BCE
A site in Uttar Pradesh that serves as a pilgrimage centre for both Buddhists and Jains is ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Sarnath
B) Kaushambi
C) Devipatan
D) Kushinagar
Option b – Kaushambi
Which of the following statements is incorrect? 1. The Gomateshwara statue at Sravanabelagola depicts the last Jain Tirthankara. 2. India’s most extensive Buddhist monastery lies within Arunachal Pradesh. 3. The Khajuraho temple complex was constructed under the Chandela rulers. 4. The Hoyseleswara temple, built by the Hoysala dynasty, is dedicated to Shiva.
A) Gomateshwara represents the final Tirthankara
B) The largest Buddhist monastery is in Arunachal Pradesh
C) Khajuraho temples were created by the Chandelas
D) The Hoyseleswara temple honours Shiva
Option a – Gomateshwara represents the final Tirthankara
Who was responsible for the construction of the Gommateshwara statue at Sravanabelagola? ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Chamundraya
B) Krishan I
C) Kumarpala
D) Tejpala
Option a – Chamundraya
The grand ceremony known as Mahamastakabhisheka is associated with whom? ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Bahubali
B) Buddha
C) Mahavir
D) Nataraja
Option a – Bahubali
Which of the following ideas aligns with Jain philosophy? 1. Karma is destroyed most effectively through penance. 2. Every object, no Matter how small, possesses a soul. 3. Karma binds the soul and must be eliminated.
A) Only 1
B) Only 2 and 3
C) Only 1 and 2
D) 1, 2 and 3
Option d – 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following: 1. The Ikshvaku dynasty in the South held an unfavourable attitude toward Buddhism. 2. The Pala dynasty in the East actively supported Buddhism.
A) Only 1
B) Only 2
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Option b – Only 2
Consider the following statements: 1. Mahavira’s mother was the daughter of Chetaka, a Lichchhavi ruler. 2. Buddha’s mother belonged to the Koliyan lineage. 3. Parshvanatha, the twenty-third Tirthankara, had connections with Varanasi.
A) Only 1
B) Only 2
C) Only 2 and 3
D) 1, 2 and 3
Option c – Only 2 and 3
What does the depiction of Ardhanarisvara — half Shiva and half Parvati — primarily represent? ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Harmony between masculine and feminine aspects
B) The blending of a deity with his consort
C) The manifestation of divine power united with Shakti
D) Not related to any of these ideas
Option c – The manifestation of divine power united with Shakti
The Nayanars were identified as followers of which tradition? ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Devotees of Shiva
B) Practitioners of Shakta worship
C) Followers of Vishnu
D) Sun-worshipping groups
Option a – Devotees of Shiva
In traditional Indian thought, which option lists the four Yugas in the correct chronological order? ( SSC GD GK mcq PDF Download )
A) Dvapara, Krita, Treta, Kali
B) Krita, Dvapara, Treta, Kali
C) Krita, Treta, Dvapara, Kali
D) Treta, Dvapara, Kali, Krita
Option c – Krita, Treta, Dvapara, Kali
Which group was associated with the Shaiva School in ancient times? ( SSC GD GK MCQ PDF Download )
A) Ajivika community
B) Mattamayura group
C) Mayamata tradition
D) Isanasivagurudeva Paddhati
Option b – Mattamayura group
The Nayanars are best described as ( SSC GD GK MCQ PDF Download )
A) Followers of Vishnu
B) Devotees of Shiva
C) Worshippers of the Goddess
D) Adorers of the Sun
Option b – Devotees of Shiva
Which of the following individuals was not counted among the Alvar saints? ( SSC GD GK MCQ PDF Download )
A) Poigai
B) Tirugyan
C) Pudam
D) Thirumangai
Option b – Tirugyan
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