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Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers for Students
Mendel’s laws of inheritance are primarily founded on
(A) Vegetative mode of reproduction
(B) Asexual mode of reproduction
(C) Sexual mode of reproduction
(D) All of these
Option c – Sexual mode of reproduction
Genome mapping is concerned with
(A) Classification of blood groups
(B) Identification and arrangement of genes
(C) Localization of nerve centres
(D) Structural mapping of the brain
Option b – Identification and arrangement of genes
Who is regarded as the pioneer of modern Genetics?
(A) Gregor Johann Mendel
(B) Hugo de Vries
(C) Charles Darwin
(D) Thomas Hunt Morgan
Option a – Gregor Johann Mendel
Mendel established his laws of inheritance through experiments on
(A) Fruit fly
(B) Snapdragon plant
(C) Pea plant
(D) Sweet pea
Option c – Pea plant
The carbohydrate present in DNA is
(A) Glucose
(B) Fructose
(C) Deoxyribose
(D) Ribose
Option c – Deoxyribose
Transmission of hereditary traits to offspring occurs through
(A) Ribosomes
(B) Chromosomes
(C) Cytoplasm
(D) Lysosomes
Option b – Chromosomes
Which of the following regulates inherited characteristics in living cells?
(A) Enzymes
(B) Hormones
(C) RNA
(D) None of these
Option d – None of these
The fundamental hereditary unit in humans is known as
(A) Chromosome
(B) DNA
(C) Gene
(D) Nucleus
Option c – Gene
A gene can be defined as
(A) A specific portion of DNA
(B) A part of DNA along with histone
(C) A segment of DNA, RNA, and histone
(D) All of these
Option a – A specific portion of DNA
The concept of mobile or jumping genes was proposed by
(A) Gregor Johann Mendel
(B) Thomas Hunt Morgan
(C) Barbara McClintock
(D) Watson and Crick
Option c – Barbara McClintock
Which of the following is not an amino Acid–forming component of DNA?
(A) Adenine
(B) Tyrosine
(C) Guanine
(D) Cytosine
Option b – Tyrosine
Which of the following professionals are more susceptible to permanent alterations in cellular DNA?. 1. Scientists working with carbon-14 isotopes 2. X-ray technicians 3. Coal miners 4. Dyers and painters
(A) Only 2
(B) Only 1, 2, and 3
(C) Only 1, 2, and 4
(D) Only 1, 3, and 4
Option a – Only 2
Which of the following serves as a source of biofertilizer?
(A) Yeast
(B) Chlorella
(C) Azolla
(D) Mold
Option c – Azolla
Which among the following is categorized as a biofertilizer?
(A) Urea
(B) 2,4-D
(C) Streptocycline
(D) Azolla
Option d – Azolla
The biofertilizer widely used as supplementary feed for milch cattle is
(A) Azospirillum
(B) Azolla
(C) Azotobacter
(D) Rhizobium
Option b – Azolla
Which of the following combinations is incorrectly matched?
(A) Blue-green algae : Biofertilizer
(B) Chrysopa : Biological control agent
(C) Bio-902 : Mustard variety
(D) Azotobacter : Bioinsecticide
Option d – Azotobacter : Bioinsecticide
Nitrogen fixation in soybean crops is carried out by
(A) Rhizobium leguminosarum
(B) Rhizobium japonicum
(C) Rhizobium phaseoli
(D) Rhizobium trifolii
Option b – Rhizobium japonicum
2,4-D belongs to which category?
(A) Insecticide
(B) Explosive substance
(C) Fungicide
(D) Herbicide
Option d – Herbicide
Blue-green algae are predominantly applied as biofertilizers in
(A) Wheat fields
(B) Gram cultivation
(C) Paddy fields
(D) Mustard crops
Option c – Paddy fields
Blue-green algae mainly enrich nitrogen in
(A) Bajra
(B) Maize
(C) Paddy
(D) Wheat
Option c – Paddy
Which of the following crop and nitrogen-fixing agent pairs is incorrectly matched?
(A) Blue-green algae : Paddy
(B) Rhizobium leguminosarum : Pea
(C) Azotobacter : Wheat
(D) Azolla : Maize
Option d – Azolla : Maize
Azolla becomes a more effective biofertilizer when combined with
(A) Blue-green algae
(B) Bone meal
(C) Cow dung
(D) Urea
Option a – Blue-green algae
The effectiveness of Azolla as a biofertilizer is due to its association with
(A) Blue-green algae
(B) Red algae
(C) Fungi
(D) Moss
Option a – Blue-green algae
Azolla can be classified as a
(A) Aquatic fern
(B) Aquatic alga
(C) Aquatic bacterium
(D) None of these
Option a – Aquatic fern
Which aquatic fern is commonly utilized as a biofertilizer?
(A) Salvinia
(B) Azolla
(C) Marsilia
(D) Pteridium
Option b – Azolla
Which of the following microorganisms are employed as biofertilizers?
(A) Cyanobacteria
(B) Protozoa
(C) Viruses
(D) None of these
Option a – Cyanobacteria
Nitrogen use efficiency in agricultural production can be enhanced by
(A) Applying nitrogen in split doses
(B) Using nitrogen inhibitors
(C) Using the slow release of nitrogen fertilizer
(D) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
By the age of about 20 years, how many bones are present in the human body approximately?
(A) 100
(B) 200
(C) 300
(D) None of these
Option d – None of these
Which bone is the smallest in the human skeletal system?
(A) Vomer
(B) Stapes
(C) Malleus
(D) Incus
Option b – Stapes
The smallest bone of the human body is located in the
(A) Ear
(B) Nose
(C) Eye
(D) Toe
Option a – Ear
How many bones together form the human skull?
(A) 28
(B) 30
(C) 32
(D) 40
Option a – 28
Which mineral Salt occurs in the greatest quantity in human bones?
(A) Magnesium chloride
(B) Calcium carbonate
(C) Calcium phosphate
(D) Sodium chloride
Option c – Calcium phosphate
What is the total number of rib pairs in the human body?
(A) 12
(B) 10
(C) 14
(D) 11
Option a – 12
The long bones of the human leg are structurally
(A) Hollow
(B) Porous
(C) Solid
(D) Rivet-shaped
Option c – Solid
In medical terminology, arthroplasty refers to
(A) Surgery of the heart
(B) Transplantation of kidney
(C) Replacement of a joint
(D) Blood transfusion
Option c – Replacement of a joint
How many pairs of spinal nerves originate from the spinal cord?
(A) 13
(B) 31
(C) 33
(D) 12
Option b – 31
In 24 hours, a healthy adult normally passes about how much urine?
(A) 1.5 litres
(B) 3.0 litres
(C) 6.0 litres
(D) 9.0 litres
Option a – 1.5 litres
The elastic tissues that join bones to one another are known as
(A) Ligaments
(B) Fibrous tissues
(C) Fibrin
(D) Muscular tissues
Option a – Ligaments
Dental plaque mainly consists of
(A) Only Food particles
(B) Food particles mixed with saliva
(C) Food particles, saliva, and Acids
(D) Food particles, saliva, Acids, and bacteria
Nails can be cut without pain because
(A) They are made of dead cells lacking blood supply
(B) They serve no function in the body
(C) They contain calcium phosphate
(D) None of the above
Option a – They are made of dead cells lacking blood supply
Which combination of elements is required for healthy bones and teeth?
(A) Sodium and potassium
(B) Iron and calcium
(C) Sodium and calcium
(D) Calcium and phosphorus
Option d – Calcium and phosphorus
Which nutrient is not essential for the development and strengthening of bones and teeth?
(A) Calcium
(B) Phosphorus
(C) Fluorine
(D) Iodine
Option d – Iodine
How many teeth appear twice during the lifetime of a human being?
(A) 4
(B) 12
(C) 20
(D) 28
Option c – 20
Which part of the human body is considered the hardest?
(A) Bone
(B) Enamel
(C) Dentin
(D) Cementum
Option b – Enamel
The most powerful muscle in the human body is found in the
(A) Jaws
(B) Thighs
(C) Neck
(D) Hands
Option a – Jaws
Human body temperature generally
(A) Falls during winter
(B) Rises during summer
(C) Remains nearly constant throughout the year
(D) Increases during winter
Option c – Remains nearly constant throughout the year
The pulse felt at the wrist beats
(A) Faster than the heart
(B) Slower than the heart
(C) At the same speed as the heart
(D) Independently of heart activity
Option c – At the same speed as the heart
The brain performs which of the following functions?
(A) Thinking
(B) Control of heartbeat
(C) Maintenance of balance
(D) All of the above
Option d – All of the above
The centre responsible for reflex actions is situated
(A) In the cerebrum
(B) In the cerebellum
(C) In the spinal cord
(D) In nerve cells
Option c – In the spinal cord
Memory functions in the human brain are mainly associated with the
(A) Medulla oblongata
(B) Cerebrum
(C) Brain cavity
(D) Cerebellum
Option b – Cerebrum
In humans, fertilization normally takes place in the
(A) Uterus
(B) Oviduct
(C) Ovary
(D) Vagina
Option b – Oviduct
The usual site where the sperm fertilizes the ovum in humans is the
(A) Cervix
(B) Fallopian tube
(C) Lower region of uterus
(D) Upper region of uterus
Option b – Fallopian tube
After entering the female reproductive tract, human sperms can retain fertilizing ability for
(A) Two minutes
(B) Twenty minutes
(C) Ninety minutes
(D) One to two days
Option d – One to two days
The heart of a human embryo begins to beat
(A) In the first week
(B) In the third week
(C) In the fourth week
(D) In the sixth week
Option c – In the fourth week
Which membrane prevents drying of the developing embryo?
(A) Amnion
(B) Allantois
(C) Chorion
(D) Yolk sac
Option a – Amnion
Respiration in mammals takes place through
(A) Gills
(B) Trachea
(C) Skin
(D) Lungs
Option d – Lungs
Which component of air remains almost unchanged during Respiration?
(A) Carbon dioxide
(B) Oxygen
(C) Water vapour
(D) Nitrogen
Option d – Nitrogen
The normal resting heart rate of a healthy adult per minute is about
(A) 86 beats
(B) 98 beats
(C) 72 beats
(D) 64 beats
Option c – 72 beats
When does the human heart get its rest?
(A) Never
(B) During sleep
(C) Between two successive beats
(D) While doing yoga
Option c – Between two successive beats
In a medical emergency when there is no time to identify a patient’s blood group, which type of blood is considered safest for transfusion?
(A) AB, Rh positive
(B) O, Rh negative
(C) O, Rh positive
(D) AB, Rh negative
Option c – O, Rh positive
The system of blood grouping was first identified by
(A) Louis Pasteur
(B) William Harvey
(C) Robert Koch
(D) Landsteiner
Option d – Landsteiner
The term Rh factor is derived from the name of a type of ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) Ape
(B) Human
(C) Monkey
(D) Rat
Option c – Monkey
A couple has blood groups AB positive and O negative. Three boys in the family have blood groups A positive, B positive, and O positive, but one child is adopted. The blood group of the adopted child is ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) O positive
(B) A positive
(C) B positive
(D) Cannot be identified with the given details
Option a – O positive
If a father has blood group A and the mother has blood group O, the child may have which blood group? ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) B
(B) AB
(C) O
(D) B, AB, or O
Option c – O
The normal pH range of human blood lies between ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) 4.5–4.6
(B) 6.45–6.55
(C) 7.35–7.45
(D) 8.25–8.35
Option c – 7.35–7.45
The average pH value of blood is close to ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) 5.0
(B) 6.4
(C) 7.4
(D) 8.0
Option c – 7.4
An antigen is best described as a substance that ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) Eliminates harmful bacteria
(B) Is used to counter poisoning
(C) Reduces body temperature
(D) Triggers antibody formation
Option d – Triggers antibody formation
An antigen may also be defined as a substance that ( Human Health and Disease mcq PDF with Answers )
(A) Lowers body Heat
(B) Destroys pathogens
(C) Activates immune responses
(D) Acts as a poison antidote
Option c – Activates immune responses
The key property of an antigen is that ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) It forms haemoglobin
(B) It stimulates antibody production
(C) It breaks down insulin
(D) It works against antibodies
Option b – It stimulates antibody production
Which component of blood plays a major role in protecting the body from infections? ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Red blood cells
(B) White blood cells
(C) Blood plasma
(D) Haemoglobin
Option b – White blood cells
The main role of white blood cells is to ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Carry oxygen
(B) Carry carbon dioxide
(C) Provide defense against diseases
(D) Aid Digestion
Option c – Provide defense against diseases
Antibodies present in blood plasma are produced by ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Monocytes
(B) Lymphocytes
(C) Eosinophils
(D) Neutrophils
Option b – Lymphocytes
Body immunity is primarily linked with ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Lymphocytes
(B) Monocytes
(C) Red blood cells
(D) Platelets
Option a – Lymphocytes
The thickness or viscosity of blood is mainly due to ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Blood proteins
(B) Platelets in plasma
(C) Red and white blood cells
(D) All of the above
Option a – Blood proteins
The approximate diameter of white blood cells is about ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) 0.007 mm
(B) 0.7 mm
(C) 0.07 mm
(D) 0.0007 mm
Option a – 0.007 mm
A medical condition marked by an excessive number of white blood cells is known as ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Anoxia
(B) Leukaemia
(C) Anaemia
(D) Septicemia
Option b – Leukaemia
Red blood cells are produced in the ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Liver
(B) Heart
(C) Kidney
(D) Bone marrow
Option d – Bone marrow
The formation of white blood cells and breakdown of red blood cells mainly take place in the ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Lymph glands
(B) Spleen
(C) Pancreas
(D) Liver
Option b – Spleen
Blood sugar concentration is usually measured in ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) mm of Hg
(B) Milligrams per decilitre
(C) Parts per million
(D) Grams per litre
Option b – Milligrams per decilitre
The arteries that deliver blood directly to the heart muscles are called ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Carotid arteries
(B) Hepatic arteries
(C) Coronary arteries
(D) Pulmonary arteries
Option c – Coronary arteries
Which enzyme converts fibrinogen into fibrin during the clotting of blood? ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Pepsin
(B) Maltase
(C) Thrombin
(D) Prothrombin
Option c – Thrombin
Thrombin plays a direct role in which body process? ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Excretion
(B) Blood coagulation
(C) Reproduction
(D) Growth
Option b – Blood coagulation
Blood plasma contains approximately what percentage of water? ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) 60%
(B) 70%
(C) 80%
(D) 90%
Option d – 90%
Biological Oxygen Demand is commonly used to assess ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Oxygen level in blood
(B) Oxygen availability in forests
(C) Water Pollution in aquatic environments
(D) Oxygen levels at high altitudes
Option c – Water Pollution in aquatic environments
Which statement regarding normal human blood is correct? ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Veins carry less blood than arteries
(B) Blood cells make up nearly 70% of blood volume
(C) White blood cells are produced only in lymph nodes
(D) Platelets are more numerous than white blood cells
Option d – Platelets are more numerous than white blood cells
When the oxygen level in blood drops, the rate of breathing ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Decreases
(B) Increases
(C) Remains the same
(D) First decreases and then increases
Option b – Increases
Carbon monoxide poisoning mainly interferes with the ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) Digestive system
(B) Liver activity
(C) Kidney function
(D) Oxygen Transport capacity of blood
Option d – Oxygen Transport capacity of blood
Artificial plastic-based blood suitable for all blood groups was developed by scientists from ( Human Health and Disease MCQ PDF with Answers )
(A) United States of America
(B) Britain
(C) China
(D) Norway
Option b – Britain
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