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Python MCQ for Competitive Programming Challenges
What role does the runtime environment play when using an interpreter?
a. It transforms source code into machine-level instructions
b. It offers a workspace for software development
c. It runs the code and handles its execution settings
d. It enhances code efficiency through optimization
Option c – It runs the code and handles its execution settings
In interpreted languages such as Java, what is the function of a virtual machine?
a. A physical device that carries out code execution
b. A software program that mimics a computer and runs bytecode
c. A utility used for finding and fixing code errors
d. A hardware unit that boosts execution speed
Option b – A software program that mimics a computer and runs bytecode
Which programming language typically relies on a virtual machine for execution?
a. C
b. Java
c. Python
d. PHP
Option b – Java
In Java, what does the term “bytecode” refer to?
a. Native instructions that the processor can run directly
b. A mid-level code that is processed by the JVM
c. Java source code as written by the programmer
d. A primitive programming language
Option b – A mid-level code that is processed by the JVM
Which of the following is considered an interpreted language?
a. C++
b. Python
c. Fortran
d. Swift
Option b – Python
How would you define an algorithm?
a. A structure used to store and organize data
b. A defined series of steps used to solve a problem or complete a task
c. A computer programming language
d. A part of the computer hardware
Option b – A defined series of steps used to solve a problem or complete a task
Which option does not describe a quality of an effective algorithm?
a. Efficiency
b. Simplicity
c. Ambiguity
d. Accuracy
Option c – Ambiguity
What does time complexity measure in an algorithm?
a. The memory requirements during execution
b. The number of operations based on the input size
c. The total variables declared in the code
d. The standard of the written code
Option b – The number of operations based on the input size
What does space complexity refer to in computing?
a. The disk space needed to store the program
b. The memory used during the program’s execution
c. The number of steps required to finish the task
d. The performance level of the algorithm
Option b – The memory used during the program’s execution
Which sorting method has a worst-case performance of O(n²)?
a. Merge sort
b. Quick sort
c. Bubble sort
d. Radix sort
Option c – Bubble sort
What is meant by recursion in algorithmic terms?
a. A structure used for storing data
b. A type of loop used in programming
c. A strategy where a problem is solved by addressing smaller versions of itself
d. A high-speed method of arranging data
Option c – A strategy where a problem is solved by addressing smaller versions of itself
Which algorithmic strategy involves breaking down a large task into smaller tasks, solving them, and then combining the solutions?
a. Divide and conquer
b. Greedy method
c. Dynamic programming
d. Backtracking
Option a – Divide and conquer
In computational complexity theory, what does the term NP-complete refer to?
a. Problems that can be quickly solved using polynomial-time algorithms
b. Problems considered too complex to be solved within polynomial time limits
c. Problems that allow for only one possible solution
d. Problems with just one best solution
Option b – Problems considered too complex to be solved within polynomial time limits
Which of the following problems is categorized under the P complexity class?
a. The traveling salesperson challenge
b. The knapsack optimization issue
c. Arranging a list of numbers in order
d. Solving a Sudoku puzzle
Option c – Arranging a list of numbers in order
How would you define a flowchart?
a. A component used in computer systems
b. A diagram that visually outlines the steps in a process or algorithm
c. A specific programming language
d. A chart showing how data moves between systems
Option b – A diagram that visually outlines the steps in a process or algorithm
In flowchart diagrams, which symbol typically represents an action or task?
a. Rectangle
b. Diamond
c. Oval
d. Parallelogram
Option a – Rectangle
What is the usual symbol for depicting a decision-making point in a flowchart?
a. Rectangle
b. Diamond
c. Oval
d. Parallelogram
Option b – Diamond
Which flowchart shape is commonly used to indicate the start of a process?
a. Rectangle
b. Diamond
c. Oval
d. Parallelogram
Option c – Oval
Why are arrows used in flowcharts?
a. To show the path of data movement
b. To aesthetically link flowchart components
c. To illustrate calculations
d. To mark decision-making steps
Option a – To show the path of data movement
In a flowchart, what does a shape with rounded corners typically indicate?
a. An action or function being performed
b. A conditional check
c. The starting or ending point of a process
d. An input or output operation
Option a – An action or function being performed
What symbol is generally used to mark the conclusion of a process in a flowchart?
a. Rectangle
b. Diamond
c. Oval
d. Parallelogram
Option c – Oval
What does the parallelogram shape represent in flowchart diagrams?
a. An action to perform
b. A condition to evaluate
c. An input or output step
d. A repetitive loop
Option c – An input or output step
Why are connectors or off-page reference icons used in flowcharts?
a. To highlight decision steps
b. To link different sections or pages of a chart
c. To show operations
d. To indicate the beginning of a process
Option b – To link different sections or pages of a chart
Which symbol is used to indicate a reusable procedure or subroutine within a larger flowchart?
a. Rectangle
b. Diamond
c. Oval
d. Rectangle with double borders
Option d – Rectangle with double borders
During which SDLC phase are user needs identified and evaluated?
a. Design stage
b. Software construction stage
c. Quality assurance stage
d. Requirement analysis stage
Option d – Requirement analysis stage
What is the main objective of the design stage in the software development life cycle?
a. To begin writing the program code
b. To outline the scope of the software project
c. To produce a comprehensive blueprint of the system’s structure and components
d. To carry out testing procedures
Option c – To produce a comprehensive blueprint of the system’s structure and components
Which SDLC stage is focused on writing and building the actual software?
a. Requirement gathering stage
b. Planning and design stage
c. Software development stage
d. Evaluation and testing stage
Option c – Software development stage
What is the main goal of the testing stage in the SDLC?
a. To construct and implement the software
b. To confirm the software performs correctly and meets user expectations
c. To collect and examine system requirements
d. To prepare architectural blueprints
Option b – To confirm the software performs correctly and meets user expectations
What does the implementation stage of the SDLC aim to accomplish?
a. To gather system specifications from users
b. To design system components
c. To release and install the application for end-user operation
d. To finalize detailed system designs
Option c – To release and install the application for end-user operation
Which SDLC stage focuses on producing user guides and training resources?
a. Requirement phase
b. System design phase
c. Programming phase
d. Deployment phase
Option d – Deployment phase
What is the function of the maintenance stage in the software life cycle?
a. To define and analyze software requirements
b. To plan the overall system layout
c. To correct bugs, upgrade features, and ensure the software adapts to evolving requirements
d. To create the initial codebase
Option c – To correct bugs, upgrade features, and ensure the software adapts to evolving requirements
What advantage does the structured approach of the SDLC provide?
a. It skips planning to speed up development
b. It minimizes the need for feedback from users
c. It ensures an orderly and methodical progression in the development process
d. It removes the need for system testing
Option c – It ensures an orderly and methodical progression in the development process
Why is a feasibility analysis conducted in the SDLC?
a. To verify that the system can be technically achieved
b. To analyze whether the project is economically sustainable
c. To assess developer competencies
d. To develop end-user manuals
Option b – To analyze whether the project is economically sustainable
Which development model completes each SDLC stage one after the other in a strict sequence?
a. Waterfall model
b. Agile methodology
c. Spiral model
d. Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Option a – Waterfall model
What defines the Agile model in software development?
a. It uses a step-by-step, linear development process
b. It values thorough documentation more than deliverable software
c. It focuses on teamwork, flexibility, and small, regular updates
d. It avoids user feedback
Option c – It focuses on teamwork, flexibility, and small, regular updates
Which SDLC model uses a repetitive and risk-focused development method?
a. Waterfall model
b. Agile model
c. Spiral model
d. V-Model
Option c – Spiral model
Which pseudocode structure is commonly used to repeatedly execute a block of code until a certain condition becomes true?
a. If-Else statement
b. Switch statement
c. While loop
d. Function definition
Option c – While loop
In pseudocode, which construct is used to represent conditional branching similar to an if-else decision in programming?
a. Conditional expression
b. Decision tree
c. Case statement
d. If-Else statement
Option d – If-Else statement
What pseudocode element is designed to create and group a reusable piece of code?
a. Function
b. Loop
c. Variable
d. Decision structure
Option a – Function
How are input and output actions usually shown in pseudocode?
a. Using PRINT and READ commands
b. Using mathematical symbols
c. Using square brackets
d. Using FOR and WHILE keywords
Option a – Using PRINT and READ commands
In programming, what does a variable represent?
a. A constant value
b. A reserved term in the language
c. A storage location that can hold changing data
d. A mathematical operator
Option c – A storage location that can hold changing data
Which keyword is commonly used to declare a new variable in many programming languages?
a. Declare
b. Variable
c. Let
d. The actual name of the variable
Option c – Let
Why is it necessary to declare a variable before using it in a program?
a. To allocate memory space for it
b. To make the variable unchangeable
c. To keep it hidden from other parts of the program
d. To mark it as required
Option a – To allocate memory space for it
Which of these is considered a valid variable name in most programming languages?
a. 123variable
b. my_variable_1
c. @variable
d. variable name (with space)
Option b – my_variable_1
What defines a keyword in programming languages?
a. A unique identifier for a variable
b. A reserved word with a predefined purpose in the language
c. A variable that only stores numbers
d. A type of data structure
Option b – A reserved word with a predefined purpose in the language
What occurs if you attempt to name a variable using a reserved keyword?
a. The program throws an error
b. The variable is created automatically
c. The variable receives a default value
d. The keyword is converted into a variable
Option a – The program throws an error
Which of the following is generally not recognized as a keyword in programming?
a. if
b. else
c. variable
d. while
Option c – variable
What function do keywords like “if” and “else” serve in programming?
a. Naming variables
b. Marking the beginning of the program
c. Managing program flow based on conditions
d. Performing mathematical operations
Option c – Managing program flow based on conditions
In programming, what does the term arithmetic instruction mean?
a. Commands for managing program flow
b. Commands that perform mathematical calculations
c. Commands for handling input and output
d. Commands to declare variables
Option b – Commands that perform mathematical calculations
Which of these is NOT a basic arithmetic operation in programming?
a. Addition
b. Multiplication
c. Joining text (concatenation)
d. Subtraction
Option c – Joining text (concatenation)
Which symbol is typically used for addition in most programming languages?
a. /
b. *
c. +
d. –
Option c – +
Which operator is generally used to indicate exponentiation in programming?
a. ^
b. %
c. **
d. /
Option a – ^
What rule states that multiplication and division take priority over addition and subtraction?
a. Left-to-right associativity
b. Right-to-left associativity
c. Order of operations (BODMAS)
d. Parentheses grouping
Option c – Order of operations (BODMAS)
What value results from the expression 10 divided by 2 in programming?
a. 5.0
b. 5
c. 0.5
d. 10
Option a – 5.0
Which operator returns the remainder after division?
a. %
b. /
c. *
d. –
Option a – %
What is the outcome of the expression 17 modulo 5?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 1
d. 0
Option c – 1
Which operator is used to increment a variable’s value by 1?
a. ++
b. —
c. +=
d. =
Option a – ++
Which option is NOT a valid mathematical operation in programming?
a. Dividing by zero
b. Calculating the square root of a negative number
c. Multiplying two integers
d. Adding two floating-point numbers
Option b – Calculating the square root of a negative number
What is the result of subtracting 12 from 8?
a. 4
b. -4
c. 96
d. -96
Option b – -4
Which operator decreases a variable’s value by 1?
a. ++
b. —
c. -=
d. =
Option b – —
Which operator represents the logical AND in programming?
a. &
b. |
c. &&
d. A
Option c – &&
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