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Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11. We covered all the Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 in this post for free so that you can practice well for the exam.
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Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 Objective for Students
Quick Quiz
Trophic level I includes
a) Herbivorous animals
b) Carnivorous animals
c) Omnivorous animals
d) Green plants
Option d – Green plants
Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
a) Mountain – Most stable ecosystem
b) Abiotic component – Bacteria
c) Green plants – Ecosystem
d) Rainfall – Global warming
Option c – Green plants – Ecosystem
Identify the correct sequence in a terrestrial grassland food chain
a) Grass, grasshopper, frog, snake
b) Grass, grasshopper, snake, frog
c) Grasshopper, frog, grass, snake
d) Grasshopper, snake, frog, grass
Option a – Grass, grasshopper, frog, snake
Which of the following sets forms a food chain?
a) Grass, wheat, mango
b) Grass, goat, human
c) Goat, cow, elephant
d) Grass, fish, goat
Option b – Grass, goat, human
In which ecosystem is the biomass pyramid inverted?
a) Forest
b) Pond
c) Grassland
d) Drylands
Option b – Pond
Which organism will most likely accumulate the highest concentration of DDT in the food chain?
a) Grasshopper
b) Toad
c) Snake
d) Cattle
Option c – Snake
The 10% law is related to
a) Energy transfer between trophic levels
b) Heat conduction between materials
c) Migration of birds across zones
d) Water transfer from one zone to another
Option a – Energy transfer between trophic levels
The main producers in marine ecosystems are
a) Phytoplanktons
b) Seaweeds
c) Marine flowering plants
d) Aquatic bryophytes
Option a – Phytoplanktons
In an ecosystem, producers include
a) Cow
b) Peacock
c) Tiger
d) Green plants
Option d – Green plants
What is one major reason for ecological imbalance in India?
a) Deforestation
b) Desertification
c) Floods and famines
d) Variability in rainfall
Option a – Deforestation
Which activity negatively impacts ecological balance?
a) Lumbering
b) Social forestry
c) Vanamahotsav
d) Afforestation
Option a – Lumbering
Which group occupies the highest position in the food chain?
a) Herbivores
b) Carnivores
c) Omnivores
d) Decomposers
Option c – Omnivores
Which of the following is not a living component of an ecosystem?
a) Air
b) Plant
c) Bacteria
d) Animals
Option a – Air
What is the primary energy source in ecosystems?
a) Energy from fermentation
b) Stored plant sugars
d) None of the above
In a food chain, man functions as
a) Producer
b) Only primary consumer
c) Only secondary consumer
d) Both primary and secondary consumer
Option d – Both primary and secondary consumer
Which term describes both an organism’s habitat and its role in the ecosystem?
a) Ecotone
b) Ecological niche
c) Habitat
d) Home range
Option b – Ecological niche
Which ecosystem occupies the largest portion of the Earth’s surface?
a) Desert ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Mountain ecosystem
d) Marine ecosystem
Option d – Marine ecosystem
What is considered the largest ecosystem on Earth?
a) Ocean
b) Grassland
c) Forest
d) Mountains
Option a – Ocean
Which of the following does not contribute to ecological stability?
a) Cutting forests
b) Afforestation
c) Rainwater harvesting
d) Establishing biosphere reserves
Option a – Cutting forests
Identify the artificial ecosystem from the list below
a) Rice field
b) Forest
c) Grassland
d) Lake
Option a – Rice field
What term defines the maximum number of individuals an environment can sustain?
a) Population
b) Carrying capacity
c) Biomass or number pyramid
d) None of the above
Option b – Carrying capacity
Which of the following statements about ecosystems is incorrect?
a) It includes all living beings and their physical surroundings within a specific space and time.
b) It functions as a working unit.
c) It possesses its own level of productivity.
d) It operates as a completely self-contained system.
Option d – It operates as a completely self-contained system.
What is the most accurate definition of an ecosystem?
a) A group of organisms that interact with one another
b) The Earth’s zone inhabited by living beings
c) A collection of organisms along with the environment they inhabit
d) The flora and fauna found in a specific region
Option c – A collection of organisms along with the environment they inhabit
What does the study of ecology focus on?
a) Interactions between organisms and their surroundings
b) Relationship between humans and forests
c) The connection between soil and water
d) Relationship between spouses
Option a – Interactions between organisms and their surroundings
Who introduced the concept of an ecosystem?
a) G. Tailor
b) E. Hartigan
c) D.R. Stoddart
d) Tansley
Option d – Tansley
Which of the following is a human-made ecosystem?
a) Ponds
b) Agricultural fields
c) Forests
d) None of these
Option b – Agricultural fields
Who proposed the 10% law of energy transfer?
a) Raymond Lindeman
b) Tansley
c) Arne Naess
d) Grinnell
Option a – Raymond Lindeman
The 10% law refers to
a) Transfer of energy through food across trophic levels
b) Transfer of heat from one object to another
c) Migration of birds across regions
d) Water movement across regions
e) None of the above
The process of nutrient circulation in an ecosystem is called
a) Chemical cycle
b) Biogeochemical cycle
c) Geological cycle
d) Geochemical cycle
Option b – Biogeochemical cycle
The smallest land area necessary to sustain one individual is termed as
a) Biota
b) Ecological footprint
c) Biome
d) Niche
Option b – Ecological footprint
Ecological footprint is measured in
a) Global hectare
b) Nanometer
c) Hoppus cubic foot
d) Cubic ten
Option a – Global hectare
A biological community interacting with its environment is called
a) Biome
b) Community
c) Abiotic environment
d) Ecosystem
Option a – Biome
The primary operations of an ecosystem include
a) Energy transfer
b) Nutrient cycling
c) Both a and b
d) None of these
Option c – Both a and b
In which type of ecosystem is the biomass pyramid inverted?
a) Forest
b) Pond
c) Grassland
d) Dryland
Option b – Pond
Which type of ecological pyramid is always upright?
a) Energy pyramid
b) Biomass pyramid
c) Pyramid of numbers
d) None of these
Option a – Energy pyramid
A graph showing biomass, energy, or population across trophic levels forms a
a) Square shape
b) Rectangle
c) Pyramid
d) Irregular shape
Option c – Pyramid
What food habit is promoted by the structure of ecological pyramids?
a) Non-vegetarian
b) Vegetarian
c) High consumption
d) Intensive eating
Option b – Vegetarian
Why do trophic levels form a pyramid shape?
a) Because energy is lost between levels
b) Due to heat transfer
c) Because energy increases up the chain
d) Because energy remains the same
Option a – Because energy is lost between levels
Regarding ecological pyramids, which of the following is true?
I. Charles Elton introduced the concept in 1927.
II. They illustrate relationships among producers and consumers in terms of numbers, biomass, and energy.
a) Only I
b) Only II
c) Both I and II
d) Neither I nor II
Option d – Neither I nor II
In the food chain, a human being acts as
a) Producer
b) Only a primary consumer
c) Only a secondary consumer
d) Both a primary and secondary consumer
Option d – Both a primary and secondary consumer
In an ecosystem, which organism group functions as producers?
a) Cow
b) Peacock
c) Tiger
d) Green plants
Option d – Green plants
Who are the key producers in ocean ecosystems?
a) Phytoplanktons
b) Seaweeds
c) Marine flowering plants
d) Aquatic bryophytes
Option a – Phytoplanktons
What portion of solar energy do plants use in a food chain?
a) 10%
b) 0.01%
c) 0.1%
d) 1%
Option a – 10%
What does a food chain represent? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Connections between autotrophs
b) Exchange of genetic material
c) Transfer of energy via food between organisms
d) A modern food delivery system
Why are marine upwelling zones significant for productivity?
I. They bring decomposers to the surface.
II. They bring nutrients to the surface.
III. They bring deep-sea organisms to the top.
a) I and II
b) Only II
c) II and III
d) Only III
Option b – Only II
Who is credited with introducing the concept of ecological pyramids in 1927? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Griffith Taylor
b) Charles Elton
c) Ratzel
d) None of the above
Option b – Charles Elton
How many main types of ecological pyramids exist?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Option c – Three
Why don’t tropical rainforests regenerate as quickly as tropical deciduous forests when cleared?
a) The soil in rainforests lacks essential nutrients
b) The tree seeds in rainforests have low survival rates
c) Tree species in rainforests grow slowly
d) Invasive species quickly take over rainforest soil
Option a – The soil in rainforests lacks essential nutrients
In arid areas, why do trees develop smaller leaves? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) To slow down metabolism
b) To minimize water loss through transpiration
c) To support natural growth
d) To deter herbivores
Option b – To minimize water loss through transpiration
Arrange the following ecosystems from highest to lowest in productivity:
I. Desert
II. Grassland
III. Ocean
IV. Swamp
V. Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest
VI. Tropical Forest
a) VI, V, IV, II, III, I
b) VI, IV, III, II, I, V
c) IV, III, II, V, I, VI
d) I, III, IV, II, V, VI
Option a – VI, V, IV, II, III, I
What is the primary energy source for ecosystems?
a) Energy from fermentation
b) Stored plant sugars
c) Solar energy
d) None of the above
Option c – Solar energy
Which of the following is not a living component of an ecosystem?
a) Air
b) Plant
c) Bacteria
d) Animals
Option a – Air
How is energy transferred between organisms within an ecosystem?
a) In a straight line
b) In a hierarchical order
c) In separate units
d) In a repeating cycle
Option d – In a repeating cycle
Which of the following statements is accurate? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Energy in ecosystems moves in one direction only
b) Energy movement in ecosystems follows a cycle
c) Energy loss reduces with each higher trophic level
d) Higher trophic level species are less efficient in using available energy
Option d – Higher trophic level species are less efficient in using available energy
Why do oceanic upwelling zones enhance marine productivity?
I. They raise decomposers to the surface
II. They bring up nutrients
III. They move bottom-dwelling creatures upward
a) I and II
b) Only II
c) II and III
d) Only III
Option c – II and III
Consider the following about ecosystems:
I. The term “ecosystem” was coined by A.G. Tansley
II. Organisms that produce their own food are called autotrophs
III. Consumers make food using photosynthesis
IV. Decomposers convert inorganic substances into organic material
Which of the above are correct?
a) I and II
b) II and III
c) II and IV
d) III and IV
Option a – I and II
What is the name of the physical place where an organism lives? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Habitat
b) Ecosystem
c) Niche
d) Biome
Option a – Habitat
What term describes the cycling of nutrient elements through different parts of an ecosystem?
a) Bio-geo-chemical cycle
b) Bio-geological cycle
c) Ecological succession
d) Biological cycle
Option a – Bio-geo-chemical cycle
Which ecosystem covers the greatest portion of Earth’s surface?
a) Desert ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Mountain ecosystem
d) Marine ecosystem
Option d – Marine ecosystem
Which of the following sequences correctly ranks ecosystems by decreasing productivity? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves
b) Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes
c) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
d) Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands
Option c – Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
Which ecosystem has the highest Net Primary Productivity (NPP)?
a) Tropical forests
b) Swamps
c) Coral reefs
d) Shrublands and woodlands
Option a – Tropical forests
Which is an example of a still-water (lentic) freshwater ecosystem?
a) Ponds and swamps
b) Waterfalls and rivers
c) Ponds and rivers
d) All of the above
Option a – Ponds and swamps
Which type of forest occupies the most land globally? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Temperate coniferous forests
b) Temperate deciduous forests
c) Tropical monsoon forests
d) Tropical rainforests
Option d – Tropical rainforests
Why do many desert plants bloom at night?
a) Low temperatures control their flowering
b) Moonlight affects their blooming pattern
c) Daytime insects damage the flowers
d) Nighttime insects are more active
Option d – Nighttime insects are more active
What does hydroponics involve?
a) Growing plants without soil
b) Growing plants without water
c) Saving water
d) The effect of sound on water
Option a – Growing plants without soil
Which is considered the most stable type of ecosystem? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Ocean
b) Forest
c) Mountain
d) Desert
Option a – Ocean
Which is the world’s largest ecosystem?
a) Ocean
b) Grassland
c) Forest
d) Mountain
Option a – Ocean
Which of these is a human-created ecosystem?
a) Ponds
b) Fields
c) Forests
d) None of these
Option b – Fields
Which statement best defines an ecosystem? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) A group of organisms interacting together
b) The part of the planet where life exists
c) A community of living beings and their physical environment
d) The plants and animals of a region
Option c – A community of living beings and their physical environment
What is the main reason for the sharp drop in vulture numbers in India?
a) Excessive use of diclofenac
b) Low mortality rate among prey animals
c) High death rate among prey animals
d) Clean environments
Option a – Excessive use of diclofenac
Which of these is not a major factor behind wildlife extinction?
a) Habitat loss
b) Starting fires in forests
c) Illegal trade in wildlife
d) Rapid population growth
Option d – Rapid population growth
What does ecosystem functioning primarily involve?
a) Flow of energy and nutrient cycling
b) Simpler biological relationships
c) Growth in animal populations
d) Increase in vegetation
Option a – Flow of energy and nutrient cycling
What best describes the relationship between organisms in an ecosystem? ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Independent
b) Self-sufficient
c) Interdependent
d) Unnecessary
Option c – Interdependent
Which of the following is a primary consumer in an ecosystem?
a) Caterpillar
b) Crab apple tree
c) Frog
d) Sparrowhawk
Option a – Caterpillar
Choose the correct statement about ecosystems: ( Human Ecology and Family Science Class 11 MCQ )
a) Primary consumers depend least on producers
b) Primary consumers are more numerous than producers
c) Producers outnumber primary consumers
d) Secondary consumers dominate the ecosystem
Option c – Producers outnumber primary consumers
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