Aakash Chemistry Module

Explanation: This question examines how a real gas behaves compared to an ideal gas under identical temperature and pressure conditions. The compressibility factor (Z) helps quantify this deviation by comparing actual molar volume with ideal molar volume.

In real gases, intermolecular forces and finite Molecular size cause deviations from ideal behavior. When attractive forces dominate, gas molecules pull closer together, reducing the observed volume compared to the ideal case. Conversely, dominant repulsive forces increase the effective volume.

Here, the given molar volume is smaller than the ideal value by 20 percent, indicating that intermolecular attractions are significant. This contraction directly influences the compressibility factor, since Z is proportional to the ratio of actual to ideal molar volume. A decrease in molar volume leads to a corresponding decrease in Z.

A helpful analogy is imagining people in a room: if they attract each other, they cluster tightly, occupying less space than if they repel each other and spread out. Similarly, attractive forces compress the gas.

Thus, by linking reduced volume with dominant intermolecular attractions and understanding how Z reflects this deviation, the correct conclusion can be reached.

Explanation: This question focuses on trends in ionization enthalpy across the second period of the Periodic Table, which includes elements from lithium to neon. Ionization enthalpy is the energy required to remove the outermost electron from an Atom.

Across a period, ionization enthalpy generally increases due to increasing nuclear charge and decreasing atomic radius. Electrons are held more tightly, making removal more difficult. However, there are important exceptions caused by electronic configurations.

Elements with completely filled or half-filled subshells exhibit extra stability. For example, a filled s-subshell or half-filled p-subshell resists electron removal more strongly. On the other hand, atoms where electrons are paired in the same orbital experience repulsion, slightly lowering ionization enthalpy.

Thus, while the overall trend is increasing, certain elements deviate due to subshell stability and electron-electron repulsion effects. Understanding both Periodic trends and electronic configuration is essential to correctly arrange these elements.

An analogy is stacking objects: a balanced or symmetrical arrangement is harder to disturb, whereas an imbalanced one is easier to disrupt.

By combining general trends with these exceptions, the correct increasing sequence can be determined.

Explanation: This question deals with identifying Polymers that can be decomposed naturally by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Biodegradable Polymers are designed to break down into harmless substances like water and carbon dioxide under environmental conditions.

Polymers differ in their structure and Bonding. Those containing easily hydrolysable linkages, such as amide or ester bonds, are more susceptible to enzymatic attack. In contrast, Polymers with strong carbon–carbon backbones resist degradation and persist in the Environment for long periods.

Biodegradable Polymers often mimic natural macromolecules and allow enzymes to cleave their chains. Synthetic Polymers lacking such reactive groups remain stable and are not easily broken down. Therefore, understanding the chemical structure, especially the presence of hydrolysable bonds, is key to identifying biodegradable materials.

An analogy is comparing a rope made of natural fibers to one made of plastic. The natural fiber rope decays over time due to environmental exposure, while the plastic one remains intact.

Thus, by analyzing polymer composition and susceptibility to microbial degradation, the correct option can be determined.

Explanation: This question relates to amino Acids and their classification based on whether the human body can synthesize them. Amino Acids are the building blocks of proteins and play vital roles in metabolism and cellular function.

Non-essential amino Acids are those that the body can produce internally from other compounds, whereas essential amino Acids must be obtained through diet. This classification depends on metabolic pathways available in the body.

Structurally, amino Acids differ in their side chains, but their essentiality is determined by biosynthetic capability rather than structure alone. If the body possesses the enzymes to synthesize a particular amino Acid, it is considered non-essential. Otherwise, it must be supplied through Food sources.

A useful analogy is comparing items you can make at home versus those you must purchase. If you have the ingredients and tools, you can prepare it yourself; otherwise, you depend on external sources.

By identifying which amino Acids can be synthesized in the body, the correct choice can be made.

Explanation: This question involves stoichiometry in the Haber process, where nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia. Balanced chemical equations are essential for determining the mole relationships between reactants and products.

The balanced equation shows that nitrogen and hydrogen combine in a fixed ratio to produce ammonia. Specifically, the coefficients indicate how many moles of each substance are consumed and formed during the reaction.

To solve such problems, one must first identify the mole ratio between hydrogen and ammonia from the balanced equation. Then, this ratio is applied proportionally to the given amount of ammonia. Stoichiometric calculations rely on direct proportionality between reactants and products.

An analogy is following a recipe: if a recipe requires a certain number of cups of flour to produce a SET number of servings, increasing the servings proportionally increases the required flour.

Thus, by using the mole ratio from the balanced equation and scaling it to the required product quantity, the required hydrogen amount can be determined.