Climatology MCQ

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MCQ on Climatology for Students

Consider the following statements related to the stratification of atmospheric layers. I. All storms and cloudiness are restricted to the stratosphere. II. Cirrus clouds are formed on the top layers of the troposphere. III. The stratosphere is also an 'isoclinal layer'. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) I and II

(b) I and III

(c) II and III

(d) I, II and III

Show Answer

Assertion (A) In the stratosphere the temperature increase with altitude results in a layering effect. Reason (R) It creates a global 'inversion layer', and increases vertical convection. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

Which one of the following statements is true about tropopause?

(a) It is formed due to meteoric dust particles.

(b) It is about 5-10 km thick.

(c) It is a zone of mixing.

(d) Its average height is about 8 km over the equator.

Show Answer

Which one of the following zones of the atmosphere is rich in ozone gas?

(a) Mesosphere

(b) Troposphere

(c) Stratosphere

(d) lonosphere

Show Answer

Most ozone gas (about 90%) is located in the atmospheric layer of the

(a) ionosphere

(b) troposphere

(c) stratosphere

(d) mesosphere

Show Answer

Which one of the following gases is found in the highest quantity in the exosphere?

(a) Hydrogen

(b) Helium

(c) Nitrogen

(d) Oxygen

Show Answer

Arrange the following layers of the atmosphere vertically from the surface of the Earth. I. Mesosphere II. Troposphere III. Stratosphere IV. Thermosphere Codes

(a) I, II, III, IV

(b) II, I, III, IV

(c) II, III, I, IV

(d) III, IV, II, I

Show Answer

Assertion (A) Because of the Sun's UV radiation, Earth's upper atmosphere is partly (0.1% or less) ionized plasma at altitudes of 70-1500 km. Reason (R) The zone of the ionosphere, is coupled to both the magnetosphere and the neutral atmosphere. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

The value of the solar constant is

(a) 2 Langley/min

(b) 1 Langley/min.

(c) 13 Langley/min

(d) 0.5 Langley/min

Show Answer

The intensity of insolation depends on

(a) altitude

(b) the nature of the terrain

(c) wind

(d) latitude

Show Answer

The lowest temperature is observed/recorded in which one of the following layers of the atmosphere?

(a) Stratosphere

(b) Mesosphere

(c) Thermosphere

(d) Troposphere

Show Answer

Assertion (A) Within the mesosphere, temperature decreases with increasing altitude. Reason (R) This is due to decreasing solar heating and increasing cooling by CO₂ radiative emission. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

Which one of the following layers of the atmosphere is responsible for the deflection of radiowaves?

(a) Troposphere

(b) Stratosphere

(c) Mesosphere

(d) lonosphere

Show Answer

The correct proportion of gases in the atmosphere in descending order is

(a) Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and Oxygen.

(b) Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon dioxide.

(c) Carbon dioxide, Nitrogen, and Oxygen.

(d) Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, and Nitrogen.

Show Answer

Which one of the following is the correct order in which the gases from the atmosphere disappear as one moves away from the surface of the Earth?

(a) Carbon dioxide-Oxygen-Nitrogen

(b) Oxygen-Nitrogen-Carbon dioxide

(c) Carbon dioxide-Nitrogen-Oxygen

(d) Nitrogen-Oxygen-Carbon dioxide

Show Answer

Most of the phenomena related to weather take place in

(a) the stratosphere

(b) the ionosphere

(c) the mesosphere

(d) the troposphere

Show Answer

Which of the following is the lowermost layer of the Atmosphere?

(a) Troposphere

(b) Exosphere

(c) Thermosphere

(d) Mesosphere

Show Answer

Troposphere is the hottest part of the atmosphere because

(a) it is closest to the Sun.

(b) heat is generated in it.

(c) it is heated by the Earth's surface.

(d) there are charged particles in it.

Show Answer

Which one of the four regions above Earth has the smallest height (km)?

(a) Stratosphere

(b) Mesosphere

(c) Thermosphere

(d) Troposphere

Show Answer

The normal lapse rate of the temperature of Earth's atmosphere drops to 0°C at the

(a) the upper part of the ionosphere

(b) the upper boundary of the tropopause

(c) the lower part of the mesosphere

(d) the upper boundary of stratopause

Show Answer

The atmospheric air is held to the Earth by

(a) gravity

(b) winds

(c) clouds

(d) rotation of the Earth

Show Answer

If the Earth did not have an atmosphere, temperature extremes between day and night would

(a) increase

(b) decrease

(c) stay the same

(d) fluctuate rapidly

Show Answer

Which one of the following statements about the atmosphere is correct?

(a) The atmosphere has definite upper limits but gradually thins until it becomes imperceptible.

(b) The atmosphere has no definite upper limits but gradually thins until it becomes imperceptible.

(c) The atmosphere has definite upper limits but gradually thickens until it becomes imperceptible.

(d) The atmosphere has no definite upper limits but gradually thickens until it becomes imperceptible.

Show Answer

On average, air contains ……… % of water vapor ( Climatology MCQ )

(a) 1

(b) 3

(c) 5

(d) 7

Show Answer

Which among the following gases has the most volume by percentage in the atmosphere?

(a) Carbon dioxide

(b) Argon

(c) Neon

(d) Helium

Show Answer

Assertion (A) Pressure gradients determine the velocity of winds. Reason (R) When isobars (lines of equal atmospheric pressure) are closely spaced, the wind velocity would be gentle. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

Which one of the following provides the force needed to drive atmospheric circulation?

(a) Higher biotic content of the tropical latitudes and lower piotic content of the polar latitudes.

(b) The energy content between high-insolation tropical latitudes and low-insolation polar latitudes.

(c) The higher rotational speed of lower latitudes lowers the rotational speed of higher latitudes.

(d) The Equatorial radius of the earth is longer than the polar radius.

Show Answer

Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a low-pressure zone, is located

(a) between trade winds and the westerlies belt.

(b) between westerlies and polar winds belt.

(c) nearby the poles

(d) at the equator.

Show Answer

What is the convergence of North-East and South-East trade winds near the equator known as?

(a) Doldrums

(b) Jetstream

(c) Inter-tropical convergence zone

(d) Upper air monsoon

Show Answer

In the Hadley cell thermal circulation, air rises up and finally descends at

(a) intertropical convergence zone.

(b) doldrums.

(c) subtropical high-pressure cells.

(d) equatorial troughs.

Show Answer

Which one of the following statements is true about Horse latitude?

(a) It is a region of strong wind currents.

(b) It is a dynamically induced sub-tropical high pressure.

(c) It is the closest point to the Sun, therefore, the air relatively is hotter due to which, the air becomes less dense and forms a low-pressure zone.

(d) None of the above

Show Answer

Assertion (A) Areas lying within five to eight degrees latitude on either side of the equator receive rainfall throughout the year. Reason (R) High temperatures and high humidity cause convectional rain to fall mostly in the afternoons near the equator. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

At high altitudes, a pressure cooker is preferable for cooking, because the boiling point of water

(a) reduces due to higher atmospheric pressure.

(b) reduces due to lower atmospheric pressure.

(c) increases due to reduced gravitational force.

(d) reduces due to increased ozone content in the atmosphere.

Show Answer

Which one of the following weather conditions is indicated by a sudden fall in barometer reading?

(a) Stormy

(b) Calm weather

(c) Cold and dry weather

(d) hot and sunny weather

Show Answer

Logically, what does a continually rising air pressure indicate?

(a) The advent of unsettled and cloudy weather.

(b) The advent of a cyclone.

(c) Fine and settled weather.

(d) Fine and unsettled weather.

Show Answer

Assertion (A) 60°-65° latitudes in both hemispheres have a low-pressure belt instead of high pressure. Reason (R) The low-pressure areas are permanent over oceans rather than on land. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

Consider the following regarding atmospheric circulations in the form of cells. I. They are formed due to disturbances in the planetary pressure systems. II. They are in form of vertical circulation cells.

(a) Only I

(b) Only II

(c) I and II

(d) None of the above

Show Answer

Which one of the following experiences the least annual range of temperature?

(a) Arctic circle

(b) Tropic of Capricorn

(c) Tropic of Cancer

(d) Equator

Show Answer

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

(a) Temperatures decrease from the equator to the poles.

(b) Temperatures in equatorial regions change substantially from January to July.

(c) Large land masses located in the sub-arctic and Arctic zones develop centers of extremely low temperatures in winter.

(d) Highlands are always colder than surrounding lowlands.

Show Answer

Which of the following causes adiabatic temperature changes in the atmosphere?

(a) Deflection and advection.

(b) Latent heat of condensation.

(c) Expansion and compression of the air.

(d) Partial absorption of solar radiation by the atmosphere.

Show Answer

Which one of the following statements about temperature is correct?

(a) Temperature decreases with height in the stratosphere.

(b) Temperature is constant at different heights in the stratosphere.

(c) Temperature increases with height in the troposphere at an average rate of 6.5°C per km.

(d) Temperature decreases with height in the troposphere at an average rate of 6.4°C per km.

Show Answer

The thermal equator is found ( Applied Climatology UPSC )

(a) at the equator.

(b) South of the geographical equator.

(c) North of the geographical equator.

(d) both North and South of the geographical equator.

Show Answer

Assertion (A) In coastal regions seasonal variation of temperature is less as compared to that of the interior areas. Reason (R) Seasonal variation of atmospheric humidity in the coastal regions is low as compared to that of the interior areas. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true, but R is false

(d) A is false, but R is true

Show Answer

Nearly 30% of the solar radiation returns back to space without contributing anything to the Earth's surface temperature. This amount of radiation is known as

(a) black body

(b) tropopause

(c) Earth's albedo

(d) mesopause

Show Answer

Cloudy nights are warmer than clear nights because ( Applied Climatology UPSC )

(a) the greenhouse effect

(b) the depletion of the ozone layer

(c) isolation

(d) it acts as a hindrance to terrestrial radiation

Show Answer

Which parts of the Earth's surface experience the least variation in incoming solar radiation throughout the year?

(a) Poles

(b) Equatorial regions

(c) Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn

(d) Arctic and Antarctic circles

Show Answer

Consider the following statements. I. The Earth receives the Sun's energy at the infrared end of the spectrum. II. The Earth re-radiates the Sun's heat as ultraviolet energy. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) Only I

(b) Only II

(c) Both I and II

(d) Neither I nor II

Show Answer

Which of the following is correct regarding Thermal terrestrial radiation? I. Thermal terrestrial radiation is in the form of a Long wave. II. Only 35% of terrestrial radiation is emitted through the radiation window of Earth. Codes

(a) Both I and II

(b) Only I

(c) Only II

(d) None of the above

Show Answer

Assertion (A) The thickness of the atmosphere is maximum over the equator. Reason (R) High insolation and strong convection currents occur over the Equator. Codes

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

(c) A is true but R is false

(d) A is false but R is true

Show Answer

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